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Hand-Foot and Mouth Disease

Description / Symptoms

  • Small painful ulcers in the mouth, especially on tongue and sides of mouth (in all children)
  • Small, thick-walled water blisters (like chickenpox) or red spots located on the palms, soles, and webs between the fingers and toes (70%)
  • 1 to 5 water blisters per hand or foot
  • Small blisters or red spots on the buttocks (30%)
  • Low-grade fever 100° to 102°F (37.8° to 39°C)
  • Mainly occurs in children age 6 months to 4 years

Cause

Coxsackie A-16 virus.

When to Call Your Doctor for Hand-Foot and Mouth Disease

Call Your Doctor Now If:

  • Your child looks or acts very sick
  • Signs of dehydration (e.g. very dry mouth, no tears, no urine > 8 hours)
  • Stiff neck, severe headache or acting confused (delirious)

Call Your Doctor Within 24 Hours If:

  • You think your child needs to be seen
  • Red, swollen and tender gums
  • Fever persists > 3 days

Call Your Doctor During Weekday Hours If:

  • You have other questions or concerns

Home Care (Read "Call Your Doctor…" first):

Antacid Solution for Pain Relief

Use an antacid solution 4 times per day:

  • For younger children, put ½ teaspoon in the front of the mouth 4 times per day after meals
  • Children over age 4 can use 1 teaspoon as a mouth wash after meals

Fluids

  • Encourage favorite fluids to prevent dehydration
  • Cold drinks, milkshakes, Popsicles, slushes, and sherbet are good choices
  • Avoid citrus, salty, or spicy foods
  • For infants, give fluids by cup, spoon or syringe rather than a bottle. (Reason: The nipple can cause pain)
  • Solid food intake is not important

Fever Medicine

Give acetaminophen (e.g. Tylenol) or ibuprofen for fever > 102°F (39°C) or severe mouth pain.

Contagiousness

Quite contagious but a mild and harmless disease. Incubation period is 3-6 days. Can return to daycare or school after the fever is gone (usually 1 to 3 days).

Expected Course

The fever lasts 2 or 3 days. The mouth ulcers resolve by 7 days. The rash on the hands and feet lasts 10 days.

Call Your Doctor If:

  • Signs of dehydration develop
  • Fever lasts > 3 days
  • Your child becomes worse or develops any of the "Call Your Doctor…" symptoms

Parent Care for Pediatric Symptoms. Copyright 2000-2006.